Ocean Manufacturing Inc

Identify two facts from the case that you found particularly interesting (this can be anything- it doesn't have to be directly accounting-related! ). The first situation that I found interesting is that Most of the ratios of Ocean Manufacturing are lower than the industry. So as auditors should figure out the reason behind this. The second situation is that the auditor turnover high. In twelve years they had three auditors.It is a major problem as why ocean manufacturing hanged it auditors rapidly at such short period of time. As an auditor I should look into the matter more closely. 2. If applicable, what Professional Standards were violated in this case? Cite either CASE standards or Rules of Professional Conduct. You may want to research the standards in your text, Handbook, or online. N/A 3. Assume you are working as an auditor in public accounting. Name one lesson tattoo could learn from this case. Ocean Manufacturing executives are very aggressive.If they are taken as a client I would be careful. They tried to manipulate their yearned accruals to meet requirement of Creditors. As they are planning to offer PIP they might want to do it again. As an auditor I learnt that I should take account of past behaviors and future intension when I am auditing a client. 4. As we all know, hindsight is 20/20. For cases where the client committed fraud, are there any â€Å"red flags† the auditor overlooked that might have allowed them to uncover the fraud sooner?

“Spellbound” a Cinematic Representation of Psychoanalysis

The movie â€Å"Spellbound†, directed by Alfred Hitchcock, encompasses several Freudian concepts manifested in the characters; including amnesia, guilt complex, repression, and psychopathology. Psychoanalysis is a major element of the film and is used in the pursuit of â€Å"truth†; the â€Å"truth† being what happened to the real Dr. Edwards. Also, dream work is a major tool used in the film to uncover the â€Å"truth†. Though â€Å"Spellbound† has several characters that embody Freudian concepts, I believe the four main characters are most important. John Ballantyne exemplifies amnesia, guilt complex, and repression; Dr.Constance Peterson represents the process of psychoanalysis; Dr. Burlov is a depiction of Freud; and Dr. Murchison conveys Psychopathology. The film, â€Å"Spellbound†, begins in the setting of green manors, a mental asylum. The head of the facility, Dr. Murchison, is retiring and a famous psychiatrist, Dr. Edwards, is to ta ke his place. Shortly after â€Å"Dr. Edwards† arrives another psychiatrist, Dr. Constance Peterson, discovers that the man claiming to be â€Å"Dr. Edwards† is an imposter. This imposter is suffering from a guilt complex which causes him to be an amnesiac.Thus begins the pursuit of â€Å"truth†, using psychoanalysis, to uncover who the imposter is and what happened to the real Dr. Edwards. We find out that the imposter is John Ballantyne, a patient of Dr. Edwards, and an amnesiac; which is why he believes he is Dr. Edwards in the beginning of the movie. John Ballantyne’s amnesia is related to the guilt complex from which he is suffering. We know that Ballantyne experienced a traumatic event, this triggered repression of memory, bringing conscious truth to the unconscious to protect the mind from the trauma; this caused his amnesia.Dr. Constance Peterson believes that by using psychoanalysis she can tap into Ballantyne’s mnemic trace, or unconsciou s memory, and uncover the Primal scene. The primal scene being the trauma that Ballantyne suffered. Dr. Peterson and Ballantyne embark on a journey, evading the authorities, to answer the question of what happened to the real Dr. Edwards. Dr. Constance Peterson, portraying the process of psychoanalysis, is of course mentored by Dr. Burlov who is a representation of Freud; both aesthetically and conceptually. Dr. Peterson brings Ballantyne to Dr.Burlov to help uncover the aforementioned primal scene. This portion of the film encompasses all aspects of Psychoanalysis. Ballantyne, suffering from amnesia due to his guilt complex and repression, is analyzed by Burlov in a few ways. First Burlov uses transference, saying, â€Å"I’m going to be your father image†, then he uses free association, asking Ballantyne, â€Å"Whatever comes into your head just say what it is†. When Ballantyne has no response Burlov turns to dream work saying, â€Å"maybe you dreamt something ? † This analysis of Ballantyne’s dream, or dream work, is an integral scene of the film.The dream sequence, designed by Salvador Dali, contains several symbols; these symbols allude to the truth which is buried in Ballantyne’s unconscious. Freud believed that dreams were the connection to the unconscious, and tapping into it could relieve someone of their psychological sufferings. The most important symbols are the bearded man, the proprietor, the sloping roof, the wings, and the wheel. The bearded man is Dr. Edwards. The sloping roof symbolizes a mountain. Dr. Peterson and Burlov deduce that the trauma occurred at a ski resort. The symbolism of the wings and sloping roof gives them the name of the resort, Gabriel Valley.Constance, Ballantyne, and Burlov go to Gabriel Valley to trigger memory. Ballantyne suddenly remembers that at the bottom of the hill there is a cliff, over which Dr. Edwards fell. It is also revealed that Ballantyne’s true primal scene is not the trauma of Dr. Edwards’ death. His true primal scene is the recollected memory of sliding down a rail and accidentally killing his brother, this is the initial trauma that causes his guilt complex, which is why he was a patient of Dr. Edwards. When Dr. Edwards’ body is uncovered it is discovered that he did not die from the fall, but from a gunshot. Ballantyne is sentenced and incarcerated.This does not sit well with Constance. She looks over her notes on Ballantyne’s dream and realizes that the proprietor is Dr. Murchison, the chimney he hid behind was a tree, and the wheel is a revolver which he used to kill Dr. Edwards. Dr. Murchison is clearly an example of psychopathology. In conclusion, Hitchcock’s â€Å"Spellbound† is a cinematic representation of many Freudian concepts such as psychoanalysis, dream work, and guilt complex. The characters embody these concepts. The pursuit of â€Å"truth† is a major element of the film; this is also the case in psychoanalysis, which is used to uncover repressed memories; or the â€Å"truth†.

Virtue Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Virtue Ethics - Essay Example the light of the existence of the sub virtuous category of people, Johnson claims that Hursthouse’s assertion about right action is false, partly because it does not account for the right of those who are non virtuous to perform self controlling actions. Hursthouse’s argument is that an action can be deemed to be right under certain circumstances only if a completely virtuous agent would perform the said action under the same circumstances. The flaw in the argument is that a person who is completely virtuous would not be able to admit to performing unjust, non virtuous acts, or would not perform such actions in the first place. Hence, the same argument about right action cannot be extended to the case of non virtuous persons. To classify an action as right or wrong based entirely upon what a completely virtuous agent would do may itself be flawed, because it classes each kind of virtue into distinct categories of black and white areas with no scope for gray area in between. As opposed to this, a sub virtuous person who is neither fully virtuous or the complete anti-thesis of it, can admit to acts performed which may not be characteristic of the group to which he or she belongs. While an individual may be fairly good and virtuous on the whole, he or she may sometimes perform and can admit to an act that is not. Similarly, an individual that is not virtuous on the whole can sometimes admit to actions that are virtuous. Extending this argument further, a fully virtuous person would not therefore maintain a list of actions like the lies he or she has told in order to work towards becoming more honest, but this is precisely the kind of action that a sub virtuous person could and should do in order to improve. A sub virtuous person can perform actions which are self controlling, but applying Hursthouse’s argument about right actions, a non virtuous person cannot perform self controlling actions, because virtue ethics in such a person’s case is incomplete,

Democracy in egypt and libya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Democracy in egypt and libya - Essay Example It is estimated that Hosni Mobarak accumulated about US$40 billion through corruption (Kassem, 2004). Many demonstrators suffered injuries during their protests at Tahrir Square specially. Strong Egyptian army was present in the streets but army chief promised security to his own countrymen. Finally Hosni Mobarak changed his stance and left the presidency. Therefore, people of Egypt finally managed to get rid of a dictator and live their lives as per their own will. Unrest in Middle East spread to Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Yemen and now Libya is under fire. Now the world is focusing on the unrest in Libya. Anti government protesters have shown a lot of aggression against the Qadhafi’s government and are continuously exerting the pressure to topple Qadhafi’s government. Protestors set fire to the parliament building in Tripoli, seriously challenging the Qadhafi’s rule (Saikal and Schnabel, 2003). Libya is one of the largest oil producers in the region. Libya almost pro duces more than 1.6 million barrels of oil per day. Unrest in Libya can seriously affect the oil prices and global economy also. Unrest in Libya caused death of thousands of people (Pratt, 2007). Qadhafi’s ordered agencies to open fire on the protester that resulted in death of thousands of citizens. Libya is unable to provide protection to their own people. Egypt witnessed the largest protests in last few months. Protestors demanded the resignation of President Hosni Mobarak who ruled the country for more than 30 years (Saikal and Schnabel, 2003). Tahrir square of the capital was the main gathering point for protests. Protesters were not agreed on any incentive less then resignation of the president Hosni Mobarak. This stance of protesters was clear to Mobarak but even than he refused to quit before the elections of coming September. After seeing the state of turmoil in the country, complete cabinet was changed and new ministers were announced but public said that they would only be satisfied when president Mobarak resigns. Tens of thousands of protesters continuously demanded for an end to corruption, deprivation and lawlessness in the country (Kassem, 2004). Army was employed in the streets of Cairo with heavy tanks and other weapon systems. Army allowed protestors to continue protests against the government as this was their legal right. Hosni Mobarak addressed the nation on television before the million march and delivered very inflammatory speech and also pledged reforms in different parts of life (Kassem, 2004). However, on the next day more than a million people again took part in the protests and demanded resignation of Mobarak. This was the first time when people of the Muslim nations stood for their rights of self determination against a dictator who ruined the life of people through corruption and cruelty. Success of protests and end of Mobarak rule in Egypt is most likely to encourage people of other Muslim nations in mid east to take darin g steps against their rulers. Increasing numbers of demonstrations in Egypt cause many injuries to people but deaths were surprisingly very less (Pratt, 2007). Army did not take stern actions against the demonstrators. Army chief denied the use of force against its own citizens. This act of army really gave confidence to people to take active part in the protests and express their views about the government. There were incidents of throwing acid and stones on the protesters at

Anti-Realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anti-Realism - Essay Example For instance, no one has ever seen black holes including the scientists, but phenomena predict that black holes exist. The major support for this realism impression is that scientific information must be considered as almost true, since science determines the truth of how things are. A realist is an individual who believes that the purpose of scientific phenomena’s is to describe the biosphere as it is. The realists argue that if it is sensible to agree to a certain philosophy, then it is equally sensible to trust in the reality of the theoretic objects brought about by such a philosophy, despite the fact that such theoretic objects cannot be directly seen. On the other hand, realism may be believed as a phenomenon about the purpose of science: scientific theories are designed to tell individuals the reality around the world. Therefore, it is an axiological philosophy concerning science that states the main goal of science is to find the truth regarding the essence of Realism. Anti-realism is defined in disagreement with realism; it is any position that is comprised of either the renunciation of an unprejudiced reality or the renunciation that verification-hypothetical assertions are false or true. The two reasoning’s of Verification-hypothetical assertions according to anti-realism are varied but very clear. To begin with, the first type refutes that other minds do exist, and the realist involved in this type is referred to as solipsist. The second type argues that whether or not there are other unobservable minds, no aspect of the situation is existent. The second anti-realist can be referred to as logical behaviourists. In short, an anti-realist is an individual who does not consider scientific phenomena’s to aim at the truth, rather he considers its purpose on experimental suitability. The major support of anti-realism is that scientific theories cannot be considered as the truth, since they are not visible and

OZONE LAYER DEPLETION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

OZONE LAYER DEPLETION - Essay Example The layer absorbs the hazardous Ultra Violet radiations emitted by the sun which would, otherwise, destroy the life of both animals and plants. The others include mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere as shown in the diagram below. Ozone is a gas that occurs naturally and which concentrates into a layer in the stratosphere to form the protective stratospheric ozone layer. Siva and Reddy (2011) describe the ozone layer as the sunscreen of the earth. The layer is made up of ozone, which has molecules with three oxygen atoms (O3). The layer is located between 19km -50 km above the surface of the earth, and absorbs almost 99% of the high frequency rays of the sun. The ozone layer’s thickness varies with geographical locations and seasons. Of notable concern is the fact that there have been signs of depletion of this sensitive protective shield called the ozone layer particularly the hole discovered in Antartic Peninsula towards the end of the 19th century. The depletion of the ozone layer causes problems wheredirect UV rays from the sun poses a health risk to human beings. Over the years, this has been an issue of serious concern among different nations. As such, various measures have been proposed that are meant to address the problem. This includes legislation being passed by different countries in order to help control the situation. This paper specifically looks at how the Montreal Protocol has been designed to address the problem. The paper will also discuss various measures that have also been taken by other countries to deal with the same problem. The paper starts by explaining the problems caused by ozone layer depletion and goes on to explain in detail the extent to which this problem can be solved. The problem of ozone layer depletion was first noticed around 1978 and it has been significantly gaining attention by different countries. For instance, the ozone hole that became noticeable towards the end of the 19th century denotes a region in

Group dynamics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Group dynamics - Term Paper Example Purpose of a group forms its background and the process through which this is achieved makes it operational. Team is structured, requires coordinated interaction to reach the set goal and all the members stand responsible for its activities. A congregation of individuals qualifies to be called a group based on Kurt Lewin’s parameters, which specify that the members should interact, are interdependent, influence each other, the members feel belongingness, have a structure, work towards a common goal and are recognised as a group by others. Task and relationship-based interactions develop in groups, through which people connect and affect each other. 2. Group as a social system Groups are social entities with a membership of 2 or more persons. They are viewed as units of socialization, interaction, centres of intellect and learning. Group is a locus for connecting with people and hangers for emotional support. People group in order to support the realisation that they share simi lar ideologies. Interdependence and cooperation, which are interpersonal and social qualities are essential for the formation of groups. They never exist in vacuum, but are related and dependent on other groups. Groups may be classified as primary or secondary(classified by Charles Horton Cooley) and planned or emergent ones. Close and personal interactions occur frequently among primary group members. They form the basis for socialising and platform for showcasing the ideas, values and opinions of members. Secondary or nucleated groups are sized big, formal and the size may not permit one-to-one relation among members. They are help members socialise, but not as much as primary groups. Planned groups work for a common goal. Their formation is initiated from an exterior source, organisation or individual or other groups. Emergent groups, as the name suggests, emerge as the people find themselves bound by circumstances, location or situation (Corey, Corey, and Corey ). T-groups, a pr oposition by Kurt Lewin, are interpersonal training groups, that facilitate bonding among members, building trust and interact on both work-related and personal issues. The source of learning and improvement is feedback from the other members of the team. 3. Group Development In order to comprehend group dynamics, it is important to study the process and theories related to their development (Forsyth ). Lot of studies and research addressed the concept. Tubb has phased group development into orientation, conflict, consensus and closure and Fisher suggested orientation, conflict, emergence and reinforcement model. Bruce Tuckman suggested 4 stages of group development, which consists of forming, storming, norming and performing. Adjourning has been appended later. a. Forming During this phase, individuals mingle with each other and communicate, in an attempt to arrive at their purpose of association. They assess their respective comfort zones. Leaders play a vital role in facilitating this understanding and walking them towards the next stage. b. Storming Here, the members share their views, assemble with others sharing similar thoughts and socialise. Leader persuades them to open up and streamlines their ideas, differences etc towards the group goals. Socialisation is the process of adaptation of the members to the purpose, situation and other members. Active involvement on the part of members is crucial at this stage.